Wednesday 30 March 2011

Auto Insurance , Insurance Law

Michigan auto insurance policyholders will pay an additional $1.91 starting July 1 to help pay the lifetime medical expenses of people seriously injured in accidents.

The lifetime benefit is a part of Michigan’s no-fault insurance law. Under the law, the Michigan Catastrophic Claims Association (MCCA) reimburses auto insurance companies for personal injury protection (PIP) benefits paid in excess of a set amount per claim.

Insurance fraud, Insurance Tips

The Ontario government announced its intention to target auto insurance fraud in its 2011 budget.
Both Insurance Bureau of Canada (IBC) and Insurance Brokers Association of Ontario (IBAO) applaud the

In the budget, Ontario Finance Minister Dwight Duncan said the government intends to augment the set of reforms implemented on Sept 1, 2010 with the following initiatives

Saturday 26 March 2011

Insurance coverage, Insurance Companies

Whether you're buying groceries or shopping for auto insurance coverage, you always want to get the best value for your dollar. So, what's the secret to finding reliable, affordable auto insurance coverage? Esurance offers some advice to help you save money and stretch your auto insurance dollar:
   1. Choose high limits and high deductibles. It's no secret— high limits provide you with more protection if you're involved in an accident.

Over insurance, Under insurance

In March 2000, Allianz Aktiengesellschaft (Allianz AG), a global leader in the insurance industry with an active presence in 70 markets across 5 continents and EFU Group signed a joint venture to form a new company for providing health insurance cover to the people of Pakistan. Allianz EFU Health Insurance Limited, approved by the Government of Pakistan, is the first specialized health insurance provider in the country and aims to play a pivotal role in developing the health insurance market in Pakistan.

Auto Insurance Coverage,Insurance Policy

While the phrase "less is more" may be true when you're decorating or accessorizing, when it comes to auto insurance, more is less: The more coverage you have, the less it will cost you if you get in an accident. While there's no hard and fast rule about the amount of auto insurance coverage you should have, most states require that you carry only a minimum level of auto insurance coverage.

EFU Insurance Company, Insurance Policy

In the early 30s of the 20th century, under the inspiration of the Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah, there began to appear signs of economic renaissance of the Muslims of India. Shipping, Airline, Banking and Insurance companies made their debut.
In 1932, Mr. Ghulam Mohammad, a far sighted man, established Eastern Federal .

Century Insurance, Insurance Business

Century Insurance Company Limited, a Lakson Group Company, was incorporated in Pakistan in 1985 as a Public Limited Company and is quoted on Stock Exchanges in Pakistan. It commenced general insurance business in 1989 and since then the company has Alhamdollilah maintained continuous growth.

Auto Insurance FAQ, Cost of Car Insurance

Don't know why you need auto insurance? Unsure how much auto insurance coverage you should have? Find out with these auto insurance FAQ.
How much auto insurance coverage do I need?
While the phrase "less is more" may be true when you're decorating or accessorizing...
How do I get the most auto insurance coverage for my insurance dollar?

Central Insurance Company, Pakistani Insurance

Central  Insurance  Company  Limited   is  exclusively  owned   and managed  by  the Dawood  Group. Central Insurance Company was incorporated  as  a  public  limited  company on April 23, 1960. The company  is  engaged  in  the  non-life  insurance business since its inception.
In  the  early  1960's  the  company  operated in all major cities of Pakistan  and  transacted  all   conventional   forms   of   insurance

Insurance coverage, Insurance Companies

» FIRE
» MARINE
» MOTOR
» ENGINEERING
» MISCELLANEOUS

::: Company Information :::

Bord of Directors

Capital Insurance Company, Introduction of Insurance

Capital Insurance Company Limited is a Public Limited Company registered with the Insurance Division
of Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan to carry business of Non-life insurance.
Incorporation of Company was with an intention to provide adequate and first class insurance coverage to
all associated risks of the sponsoring business community.

Askari General Insurance, Car Insurance

:  Askari general insurance co. ltd (agico)  :::
Established in October 1995, was sponsored by  Army Welfare Trust (AWT), Askari Commercial Bank ltd (ACBL) and Askari Leasing Ltd (ALL). It  is a public limited company, listed on all three Stock Exchanges of Pakistan i.e. Karachi, Lahore and Islamabad. The company provide general insurance products and services to all sectors of the market.

Car Insurance Policy, Pakiatani Insurance

Seize control of your vehicle through your mobile
With the help of a revolutionary tracking system, Baaz enables you to immobilize your vehicle through your mobile phone in the event of snatching, thus stopping the snatcher dead in his tracks. 
    Be in contact with vehicle while you are away

Car Insurance History in Pakistan, Auto Insurance

:: HISTORY  :::
The company was incorporated in 1960 as Khyber Insurance Company Ltd. Through the years, Khyber had a checkered history much like the history of the insurance industry it self in Pakistan. What is commendable was survival.
     The institution withstood the turbulence, regression and stagnation in the domestic market. It was renamed Heritage Insurance Company Limited. In 1994 but failed to reassert its former place in the market as a leader.

Thursday 24 March 2011

Car Insurance Guide, Motor Insurance

Direct: Going direct to the insurer (either on the phone or via the web) can be both the quickest way to obtain insurance, but also the most drawn out: If you like using a specific company then going directly to them can be very quick (and can also gain you a discount on their prices if you hold policies other than car insurance with them already), but you risk paying well over the odds if you simply take the first quote you are given.

Car Insurance Options, Car Insurance Reviews

Where to shop for your car insurance
If you are reading this guide, there is a good chance that you already know that shopping around for deals on your car insurance is prudent - and you are also likely to already that using a price comparison is one such way of doing so.
Get a new car insurance quote now

Car Insurance Company, Car Insurance Claim

Where Does My Money Go?
As you'll know if you're young and haven't had a license long, car insurance can be an expensive purchase - it's not completely unusual to find your first premium costing more than the car itself - but what happens to the money you spend on your premium?
Get a new car insurance quote now

Legal Requirements for Car Insurance, Car Insurance Reviews

Legal requirements for car insurance
Legally, any vehicle over three years old must pass an MOT test and have a certificate verifying this. Without an MOT and car insurance certificate you cannot tax a vehicle, and driving a car without having all three of these documents is illegal - the Road Traffic Act says that you must be insured against injury or damage caused by yourself when in charge of a vehicle.

Car Insurance Quote, Car Insurance Tips

How to request a car insurance quote
Whether you are requesting quotes for your car insurance through a price comparison site, a broker, or directly from an insurer you will be asked to answer several pertinent questions in order to receive a price.
Regardless of where you want to request a quote from, make sure you have the following information to hand before you apply to help the process flow smoothly:

Third Party Car Insurance, Fire And Theft Car Insurance

Before you begin shopping for policies, you need to know what sort of car insurance policy is best for you. Different types of policies have differing levels of cover, and it's good to know this information before proceeding.
There are three main levels of cover to choose from when you compare car insurance with moneysupermarket.com; third party, third party fire & theft and fully comprehensive.

Car Insurance Reviews, Car insurance Policy

For families who are of low income, it is essential to look for affordable deals that can help them make ends meet. Although public transportation is always available for cash-strapped individuals, a lot of Americans still use private vehicles as their mode of transportation. Insurance for cars however may be a bit expensive.
There are various insurance policies that are offered by different companies.

Car Insurance Quote, Car Insurance Tips

What if I am not happy with my claim result?
You are perfectly within your rights to dispute a claim being rejected or downsized by your insurer. There are a number of reasons you might want to do so, and we will tell you how to go about doing that shortly.
There are a number of reasons people may dispute a claim, including a difference in interpretation of small print and insurance policy guidelines or a disagreement on the value of a claimed for item.

Rejected Car Insurance Claim, Car Insurance Guide

If your car insurance company does not feel entirely happy in paying a claim, they may downsize or even refuse to pay the claim amount filed with them.
For example, if your claim is regarding a vehicle, or property within a vehicle, being stolen and the insurers have reason to believe that you were at fault (for example by leaving the car unlocked overnight), you may struggle to successfully get a payout from them.

Car Insurance Claim, Car Insurance Guide

What if I am not happy with my claim result?
You are perfectly within your rights to dispute a claim being rejected or downsized by your insurer. There are a number of reasons you might want to do so, and we will tell you how to go about doing that shortly.
There are a number of reasons insurance people may dispute a claim, including a difference in interpretation of small print and policy guidelines or a disagreement on the value of a claimed for item.

Car Insurance Policy, Auto Insurance

If your car insurance company does not feel entirely happy in paying a claim, they may downsize or even refuse to pay the claim amount filed with them.
For example, if your claim is regarding a vehicle, or property within a vehicle, being stolen and the insurers have reason to believe that you were at fault (for example by leaving the car unlocked overnight), you may struggle to successfully get a payout from them.

Car Insurance Guide, Motor Insurance

Furthermore, the NHS can now claim treatment costs (including ambulance callout costs) from insurance companies.
 If you are the at-fault party in an accident, your insurer will have to pick up the bill for any NHS treatment the other party requires (and vice-versa, of course), and you might be surprised by just how large NHS bills can be.

Cost Of Car Insurance, Car Insurance Premium

Why is the cost of my car insurance going up? This is a question asked by thousands of drivers every year, and one which unfortunately doesn't have one set answer.
Many of the factors that affect the price you pay are personal to you, such as the level of cover you choose, losing a no claims discount, or gaining a driving conviction.

Exhibitor Insurance, Auto Insurance Rate

Marital Status: single men pay more for their car insurance than married man. We are not suggesting for one second that you should go and get married just to get cheap car insurance, but it is something to be aware of should you find the one for you and want to drive off with them into the sunset.
Vehicle Security: the more secure your vehicle, the less likely it is to be stolen, and the less likely your insurer is to have to process a claim.

Car Insurance Quote, Car Insurance Tips

As well as altering how comprehensive your cover is by adding or removing certain policy features, there are a number of other initiative you can undertake to decrease the cost of your car insurance.
The easiest step is to shop around with our comparison tool where you can compare prices from over 100 companies in a matter of minutes

Wednesday 23 March 2011

Car Insurance Quto, Atuto Insurance History

Indemnity - refers to a payment made to the policyholder that ensures they are in the same financial situation after an incident as they were directly beforehand.
IPT - Insurance Premium Tax is a tax paid on all insurance premiums. This is charged at a base rate of 5% for most types of insurance, and a higher rate of 17.5% for certain forms of vehicle insurance
Loss adjuster - a loss adjuster is a person who investigates claims, ensuring that they are legitimate and that the company they work for are not paying over the odds on claims.

Car Insurance Jargon Buster, Auto Insurance

Car Insurance Jargon Buster
Car insurance, just like any other financial product, has its fair share of arbitrary terms and oblique jargon that means nothing to people who don't work in the industry every day.
Fortunately, that's just what we at moneysupermarket.com do. As a result, we've written a jargon buster in order to help you wade through the technical speak that you might come across when searching for a quote or making a claim.

Car Inurance Bill, Car Insurance Claims

Other policy choices to consider
Excess: The more excess you pay, the lower your premiums - up to a point. There is a tipping point where the increased excess no longer reduces your costs. Also be careful to consider the mandatory (or compulsory) excess as well - some car insurance companies offer cheap premiums by attaching the savings to a high excess which you have to pay in any claim before the insurer will get involved

Car Insurance Quot, Cost of Car Insurance

Lowering The Price You Pay For Car Insurance
You should shop around for your car insurance every year to find the most competitive quotes on offer. While simply renewing with your existing insurance company could be an easier option it is unlikely that the price you are offered represents value for money.

Auto Insurance FAQ, Cost of Car Insurance

Auto Insurance FAQ
We're determined to simplify auto insurance. And these 4 FAQ pods are designed to explain what it all means (in general, and to you personally). When you have a free minute or two, browse through to find an answer you're looking for.

Car Insurance Premium, Insurance Policy

Age and Experience: If you're a newly qualified driver, under the age of 25, or both, you are deemed to be of a higher risk than other motorists by insurance companies, and as such you will have to pay more for the same cover. The younger and therefore less experienced you are, the more you should expect to pay; this also applies to any policies you are added to as a named driver.

Price Of Car Insurance, Car Insurance Policy

How The Price Of Your Car Insurance Is Calculated
There are a huge number of different details about you that can affect the cost of your car insurance. Below are some of the biggest ones, but remember that every question an insurance company asks will have some bearing on your premium - after all, that's why they ask them.

Car Insurance Policy, Auto Insurance

 You can rely on Esurance
When it comes to car insurance, sometimes you want to talk to an insurance pro and
sometimes you just want to take care of business online. With Esurance, you can do both.
As one of the first to bring car insurance online, Esurance has been innovating auto
insurance for more than a decade.

Adamjee Motor Insurance, Auto Insurance

 Benefits and Coverage  :::
Adamjee Insurance Motor insurance provides following coverage against loss of or damage to your car; by
    * Accidental external means
    * Fire, explosion
    * Malicious act
    * Riot, strike and Terrorism (Optional)
    * Flood, hurricane, hail, cyclone

Auto Insurance in Pakistan, Insurance Companies

 Motor Insurance :::
Vehicles today have become a necessity, whether it be for carrying goods or for personal use; they have in essence have become assets to us. However with traffic on the roads increasing day by day and the ever increasing crime rate Motor Insurance has become a necessity; whether it is to protect against accidents, acts of vandalism, theft or any other hazard. Adamjee Motor Insurance covers the expenses made by losses or damages to cars, trucks or any other vehicle caused by vehicular accidents, vandalism and theft or otherwise.

Cost of Car Insurance. Car Insurance Guide

Once your claim has been made
After initial contact has been made with your insurer, make sure that you keep all documents you get sent in a secure location (as well as copies of any quotes or receipts you receive), as well as ensuring you are easy to get in contact with should your car insurance company or the police need to get in touch with you.

Car Insurance Claim, Car Insurance Policy

How To Make A Car Insurance Claim
Insurance companies pay out millions of pounds every year in order to pay for car insurance claims made by drivers involved in accidents, victims of vandalism, people who have had cars stolen, and many others.
If you find yourself in a situation where you need to make a car insurance claim, you may not know what the first steps are in order to start the process. Our guide will help you to get the ball rolling.
Initiating a claim on your car insurance policy
The first step is to inform your car insurance company. You should do this as soon as you possibly can - most insurers have a 24 hour helpline, and if your company is one of those, then this should be your first port of call.

Car Insurance Policy, Auto Insurance

Several Canadian provinces (British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Quebec) provide a public auto insurance system while in the rest of the country insurance is provided privately. Basic auto insurance is mandatory throughout Canada with each province's government determining which benefits are included as minimum required auto insurance coverage and which benefits are options available for those seeking additional coverage.

Car Insurance Policy, Auto Insurance

Finding the right car insurance policy for you
The first thing anybody considering a new car insurance policy should do is shop around. If you're looking for the best car insurance deal, our price comparison tool allows you to get quotes from more than 100 insurance companies in the UK in order to help you find the best deal possible - but remember the cheapest car insurance policy may not necessary be the right option for you.

Car Insurance Guide, Motor Insurance

Car Insurance Guide
If you have any questions at all about what to do in order to get the right car insurance policy, how to keep your premiums as low as possible or what to do if you're involved in an accident and need to make a claim, our car insurance guide is a great place to start.
Here at moneysupermarket.com we're dedicated to driving down the cost of your motor insurance, and we've covered some of the most common questions and concerns encountered by our customers in the following pages.

Vehicle insurance, Insurance Policy

Public policy
In many jurisdictions it is compulsory to have vehicle insurance before using or keeping a motor vehicle on public roads. Most jurisdictions relate insurance to both the car and the driver, however the degree of each varies greatly.
Several jurisdictions have experimented with a "pay-as-you-drive" insurance plan which is paid through a gasoline tax.

Tuesday 22 March 2011

Introduction to Car Insurance, Car Insurance Policy,

Unfortunately, the reverse is also true on occasion: Many people take out extremely cheap car insurance, only to find out that the policy isn't as comprehensive as they initially thought - and these people often don't find out about this until they make a claim, by which time it's too late.
Finding the right car insurance policy for you

Car Insurance Guide, Motor Insurance

Over 11% of respondents who gave a best alternative price saved £150
(Sept '09 - Feb '10).
If you'd like to save money on your car insurance, look no further than elephant.co.uk. elephant.co.uk is an online car insurance provider and has offered uk car insurance quotes on the Internet since 2000. Our comprehensive cover has loads of great benefits as standard like a free courtesy car.

Rule of Car Insurance, Van Insurance

Over 11% of respondents who gave a best alternative price saved £150
(Sept '09 - Feb '10).
If you'd like to save money on your car insurance, look no further than elephant.co.uk. elephant.co.uk is an online car insurance provider and has offered uk car insurance quotes on the Internet since 2000. Our comprehensive

Low Cost Car Insurance, Auto Insurance

Just apply a few basic rules and some strategies which few people know. I will show you how to change your coverage but still get exact coverage you would need at the lowest possible cost. By applying these simple rules, you could expect savings of up to 50%.
If you're looking for ways to save money (like me).... Try shopping for coverage from Car Insurance Companies

Auto Insurance Quotes from Nationwide, Condo Insurance

 Combine your home and car insurance, and you can receive additional discounts on Iowa car insurance. Adding a vehicle or new driver may also save you money on your car insurance policy. Have safety features or increased security on your car? You can save even more.
Learn more about Iowa auto insurance discounts

Lowa Auto Insurance Quotes from Nationwide, Insurance Policy

 Finding the right Iowa auto insurance is easy at Nationwide. Save up to $523 with a free online  auto insurance quote, or call us at 1-877-On Your Side® (1-877-669-6877) to speak to a licensed Iowa auto insurance agent. We’ll help you choose the auto insurance coverage that’s right for your needs, goals and budget.

Indiana Auto Insurance Quotes, Auto Insurance Coverage

 Looking for Indiana auto insurance discounts?
Combine your home and car insurance, and you can receive additional discounts on Indiana car insurance. Add a vehicle or new driver, and you may save more on your car insurance policy. Does you car have safety features or upgraded security? You can save even more.
Learn more about Indiana auto insurance discounts.

Superior claims service
Nine out of 10 customers who filed a claim would recommend Nationwide to a friend or family member. Can your current auto insurance provider say that?
Find out more about Nationwide’s Blue Ribbon Claim Services.

Insurance coverage for your home, car and family
Simplify your life  by choosing a single Indiana insurance provider for all of your needs. Take advantage of Nationwide’s full range of insurance and financial products in Indiana for your home, car, family and financial security. We’ll help you choose the coverage that’s right for you.
Learn more about:
    * Homeowners insurance
    * Identity theft coverage
    * Motorcycle insurance
    * Renters insurance
    * Condo insurance
    * Boat insurance
Over the last 80 years, Nationwide has grown from a small auto insurance company to one of the largest insurance and financial services companies in the world by helping customers protect what’s most important to them. Become a Nationwide customer today and find out what it means when we say Nationwide is On Your Side®.
Indiana has specific restrictions about insurance coverage. Learn more about auto insurance requirements at the Indiana Department of Insurance.

Indiana Auto Insurance, Motorcycle insurance

 Finding the right Indiana auto insurance is easy at Nationwide. Save up to $523 with a free online  auto insurance quote. Or call us at 1-877-On Your Side® (1-877-669-6877) to speak to a licensed Indiana auto insurance agent. We’ll help you choose the auto insurance coverage that’s right for your needs, goals and budget.

Georgia Auto Insurance, Auto Insurance Quotes

 Nationwide makes it easy for you to find dependable Georgia auto insurance. Save up to $523 with a free online auto insurance quote for Georgia drivers1. Or call us at 1-877-On Your Side® (1-877-669-6877) to speak to a licensed Georgia auto insurance agent.
We can show you options so you can choose the auto coverage that is right for your needs, goals and budget, including bodily injury liability, property damage liability and more.

Florida Auto Insurance Quotes, Auto Insurance Claim

 Superior claims service
Nine out of 10 customers who filed a claim would recommend Nationwide to a friend or family member. Can your current auto insurance provider say that?
Find out more about Nationwide’s Blue Ribbon Claim Services.
Insurance coverage for your home, car and family

Florida Auto Insurance, Auto Insurance Advantage

 Shopping for Florida auto insurance is easy with Nationwide. Save up to $523 with a free online  auto insurance quote, or call us at 1-877-On Your Side® to speak to a licensed Florida auto insurance agent. We’ll help you choose the auto insurance coverage that’s right for your needs, goals and budget. That’s because Nationwide works hard to offer you the best Florida car insurance rates possible

Delaware Auto Insurance Quotes. Auto Insurance History

Looking for Delaware auto insurance discounts?
Combine your home and car insurance, and you can receive additional discounts on Delaware car insurance. Adding a vehicle or new driver may also save you money on your car insurance policy. Have safety features or increased security on your car? You can save even more.

Delaware Auto Insurance, Boat Insurance

t’s easy to find the right Delaware auto insurance at Nationwide. Save up to $523 with a free online  auto insurance quote. Or call us at 1-877-On Your Side® (1-877-669-6877) to speak to a licensed Delaware auto insurance agent. We’ll help you choose the auto insurance coverage that’s right for your needs, goals and budget.

Connecticut Auto Insurance Quotes, Condo insurance

 Looking for Connecticut auto insurance discounts?
Combine your home and car insurance, and you can receive additional discounts on Connecticut car insurance. Adding a vehicle or new driver may also save you money on your car insurance policy. Have safety features or increased security on your car? You can save even more.

Connecticut Auto Insurance, Auto Insurance Advantange

 Finding the right Connecticut auto insurance is easy at Nationwide. Save up to $523 with a free online  auto insurance quote. Or call us at 1-877-On Your Side® (1-877-669-6877) to speak to a licensed Connecticut auto insurance agent. We’ll help you choose the auto insurance coverage that’s right for your needs, goals and budget.

Colorado Auto Insurance, Boat Insurance

 Superior claims service
Nine out of 10 customers who filed a claim would recommend Nationwide to a friend or family member. Can your current Colorado auto insurance provider say that?
Find out more about Nationwide’s Blue Ribbon Claim Services.
Insurance coverage for your home, car and family

Colorado Auto Insurance Quotes, Colorado Auto Insurance Discounts

 It’s easy to find the right Colorado auto insurance at Nationwide. Save up to $523 with a free online  auto insurance quote. Or call us at 1-877-On Your Side® (1-877-669-6877) to speak to a licensed Colorado auto insurance agent. At Nationwide, we work hard to offer you the best Colorado car insurance rates possible – with auto insurance coverage options that include liability coverage, bodily injury liability, property damage liability and more.
As a Colorado driver, you need dependable insurance for your trips throughout the “Centennial State.” Whether you’re traveling along winding roads as you head to Beaver Creek for a weekend ski trip or are heading toward the serene Colorado River for some fishing or rafting, you can depend on your car insurance policy from Nationwide.
Your Nationwide Colorado auto insurance policy offers flexible coverage options. See for yourself by requesting a free online car insurance quote today. You could save up to $523 and enjoy the following advantages.
Nationwide auto insurance advantages
    * A 100% repair guarantee for as long as you own your car
    * 24/7 Blue RibbonSM Claim Services
    * A free On Your Side® Review to help you choose the discounts and coverage options that are right for you
You count on your car to get where you’re going. Shouldn’t you have an auto insurance policy you can count on, too? Switch to Nationwide and you could save up to $523 on your Colorado car insurance quote. Nationwide offers hundreds of ways to save.
Looking for Colorado auto insurance discounts?
Combine your home and car insurance, and you can receive additional discounts on Colorado car insurance. Adding a vehicle or new driver may also save you money on your car insurance policy. Does your car have safety features or security upgrades? You can save even more.
Learn more about Colorado auto insurance discounts

California Auto Insurance Quotes, Auto Insurance Claim

Superior claims service

Nine out of 10 customers who filed a claim would recommend Nationwide to a friend or family member. Can your current auto insurance provider say that?
Find out more about Nationwide’s Blue Ribbon Claim Services.

California Auto Insurance, Auto Insurance Coverage

 Whether you live in Northern or Southern California, it’s easy find the right California auto insurance at Nationwide. Save up to $523 with a free online  auto insurance quote. Or call us at 1-877-On Your Side® (1-877-669-6877) to speak to a licensed California auto insurance agent. We’ll help you choose the auto coverage that’s right for your needs, goals and budget.

Motorcycle Insurance Quotes, Motorcycle Insurance Discounts

 With Nationwide motorcycle insurance you can have the kind of protection a bike like yours deserves:
    * Up to 12 bikes on one policy
    * Enjoy up to 35% savings
    * Coverage up to $50,000 per bike
    * Guest passenger liability automatically included with the selection of Bodily Injury Liability
    * Coverage for most trikes, limited production bikes, vintage bikes, custom bikes, and assembled or kit bikes

Auto Insurance Coverage,Car Insurance


Nine out of 10 customers who filed a claim would recommend Nationwide to a friend or family member. Can your auto insurance provider say that?
Find out more about Nationwide’s Blue Ribbon Claim Services.
Insurance coverage for your home, car and family

Arkansas Auto Insurance Quotes, Auto Insurance Advantages

 Finding Arkansas auto insurance is easy at Nationwide. We offer friendly service, great coverage and competitive rates. Get a free online auto insurance quote  and save up to $43 per month. Or call us at 1-877-On Your Side® (1-877-669-6877) to speak to a licensed Arkansas auto insurance agent.
We'll help you choose the auto insurance coverage that's right for your needs, goals and budget.

Arizona Auto Insurance Discounts, Auto Insurance Advantages

 Looking for Arizona auto insurance discounts?
Combine your home and car insurance, and you can receive additional discounts on your car insurance. Adding a vehicle or new driver may also save you money on your car insurance policy. Have safety features or increased security on your car? You can save even more

Arizona Auto Insurance, Cat Insurance

 Shopping for Arizona auto insurance is easy at Nationwide. Save up to $523 with a free online  car insurance quote. Or call us at 1-877-On Your Side® (1-877-669-6877) to speak to a licensed Arizona auto insurance agent. We’ll help you choose the auto insurance coverage that’s right for your needs, goals and budget. That’s

Arizona Auto Insurance Discounts, Arizona Auto Insurance

 Shopping for Arizona auto insurance is easy at Nationwide. Save up to $523 with a free online  car insurance quote. Or call us at 1-877-On Your Side® (1-877-669-6877) to speak to a licensed Arizona auto insurance agent. We’ll help you choose the auto insurance coverage that’s right for your needs, goals and budget.

Auto Insurance Discounts in Alabama, Auto Insurance Policy

 Auto Insurance Discounts in Alabama
Nationwide offers helpful programs like Accident ForgivenessSM , Vanishing DeductibleSM* and a variety of car insurance discounts specifically for Alabama residents. Learn more about the benefits of Alabama auto insurance from Nationwide.
Nationwide offers the following auto insurance discounts in Alabama:

Alabama Auto Insurance Coverage, Truck Insurance

 Alabama auto insurance coverage that’s smart to have
Uninsured/underinsured motorist - bodily injury
If you’re involved in an accident where the other party is at fault and either uninsured or doesn’t carry enough coverage, uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage may cover your bodily injury damages.
Medical benefits

Alabama Auto Insurance Coverage, Van Insurance


Nationwide works hard to help you choose the Alabama auto insurance coverage that’s right for your needs, goals and budget.
Alabama car insurance coverage you must have
Alabama auto liability coverage
Two types of liability coverage are available and required by law in the state of Alabama:
    * Bodily injury safeguards your assets if you’re found legally accountable for a covered accident, including certain expenses associated with bodily harm sustained by the other party.
    * Property damage safeguards your assets if you are found legally accountable for a covered accident, including property damage sustained by the other party.
When buying Alabama auto liability coverage, you’ll need at least the required state minimum amount, which is $25,000/$50,000/$25,000. Should an accident occur, you’ll get $25,000 coverage for bodily injury to one person per accident, $50,000 coverage for bodily injury to two or more people per accident, and $25,000 in property damage coverage per accident.
Liability may cover certain legal defense expenses, too, if you are sued for a covered accident.
Comprehensive
This type of Alabama auto insurance coverage is used to repair your vehicle when physical damage occurs from non-collision related incidents. Such incidents include theft, fire, vandalism, glass breakage, and contact with animals.
Collision
Collision coverage is used to repair your vehicle when physical damage occurs from collision with another vehicle or object.

Alabama Auto Insurance from Nationwide, Auto Insurance

 Alabama Auto Insurance from Nationwide
Shopping for insurance is easy with Nationwide. Save up to $523 with a free online car insurance quote for Alabama drivers. Or call us at 1-877-On Your Side® (1-877-669-6877) to speak to a licensed Alabama auto insurance agent. We’ll help you choose the coverage that’s right for your needs, goals and budget. Nationwide offers options that include liability, bodily injury liability, property damage liability and more

Auto Insurance Coverage,Car Insurance

 Helps pay for damage to your vehicle if you hit another vehicle, another vehicle hits you, or your vehicle rolls over. Collision coverage can be a required part of your car insurance coverage if your vehicle is financed or leased.
Uninsured or underinsured motorist car insurance coverage
Helps pay for damages to your vehicle if it is damaged in an accident by an underinsured, uninsured or unidentified driver.

Auto Insurance Coverage,insurance policy

 Auto Insurance Coverage
Nationwide offers many auto insurance coverage options to protect you, your car and others. So you can choose the auto coverage that’s right for you.
Auto insurance coverage options to protect your car

Auto Insurance Discounts, Auto Insurance

 Auto Insurance Discounts
Get great service and coverage at a great price with affordable car insurance from Nationwide. Start saving today with auto insurance discounts that meet your needs, life and budget.
Auto, home and life insurance discount
Save up to 25% when you bundle your auto, home and life insurance with Nationwide.
Multi

Sunday 20 March 2011

Health Insurance Thailand, History of Health Insurance

Expatriate Health Insurance ThailandPacific Prime is an expatriate insurance broker specialising in providing overseas medical insurance for Thailand nationals living, working or holidaying abroad. If you are a non Thailand national and moving to Thailand we can also provide plans that meet your specific requirements.
The policies that we can provide are guaranteed renewable for life and globally portable, so even if you should relocate away from the country your plan will continue to cover you.

Macau Medical Insurance, Health Insurance Macau

Macau’s health care system is separated between public and private facilities. There are 3 hospitals, 2 private and 1 public. Macau’s health care is under a lot of strain due to improper spending and a lack of growth, especially within the public sector. Doctor-patient care has degraded over the last 10 years insurance due to lack of funding and governmental support.

Health Insurance Macau, Macau Medical Insurance

  • Expatriate Health Insurance Macau

    Pacific Prime is an expatriate insurance broker specialising in providing overseas medical insurance for Macau nationals living, working or holidaying abroad. If you are a non Macau national and moving to Macau we can also provide plans that meet your specific requirements
  • China Insurance News, Health Insurance

    Why then, if these corporations are so interested in establishing themselves on the mainland, are they having so much trouble doing so? Part of the issue may be due to certain cultural and societal issues towards which foreign nationals often have a hard time adjusting. Understanding the Chinese marketplace can be difficult, and it is partly due to this that the only foreign owned insurance companies in China that are enjoying great success are the ones, like

    China Insurance News, Health Insurance

    China Insurance News

    As the Chinese economy continues to grow and expand the country is being seen as a major international market, and this is drawing many corporations from all over the world to Beijing and Shanghai in an effort to build their profiles in the Mainland market. Many of these companies have no history of working in China and have encountered a myriad of difficulties stemming from the cultural confusion.

    Health Insurance China, Health Insurance


  • Expatriate Health Insurance China

    Pacific Prime is an expatriate insurance broker specialising in providing overseas medical insurance for China nationals living, working or holidaying abroad. If you are a non China national and moving to China we can also provide plans that meet your specific requirements.
    International medical insurance plans generally include benefits such as emergency evacuation, hospitalisation benefits and repatriation of mortal remains.
  • International Health Insurance, International Medical Insurance

    Please fill in this short form if you need more information or a personalized quote. One of our highly trained advisers will get in contact with you via telephone or email within the next 24 hours.
    If you wish to contact us directly, please

    Homeowners Insurance, Renters Insurance

    Protect your house — and your possessions — with homeowners insurance from Progressive Home Advantage*. For homeowners, insurance protection is an important aspect of homeownership. Buying homeowners insurance, or home insurance, means buying protection for your home — both inside and out.
    Progressive Home Advantage, underwritten by select homeowners insurance companies*,

    Auto Insurance Discounts, Car Insurance

    Auto Insurance Discounts Available

    When you get a Progressive quote, we factor in discounts that apply to you — and suggest even more ways to save. Discounts differ depending on the state in which your insuranceHere's a sample of the auto insurance discounts that might be included with your Progressive Direct® quote, along with other potential savings opportunities:

    Auto Insurance, Car Insurance

    you're new to car insurance, want to switch to a different auto insurance company or looking for a low car insurance rate, choose Progressive. By shopping for lower car insurance rates, you could save hundreds on your auto insurance.

    Wednesday 9 March 2011

    Life Insurance, Procedure of Insurance



    Certain insurance products and practices have been described as rent-seeking by critics.[ That is, some insurance products or practices are useful primarily because of legal benefits, such as reducing taxes, as opposed to providing protection against risks of adverse events. Under United States tax law, for example, most owners of variable annuities and variable life insurance can invest their premium payments in the stock market and defer or eliminate paying any taxes on their investments until withdrawals are made.

    Life Insurance, Car Insurance


    insurance underwriter's job is to evaluate a given risk as to the likelihood that a loss will occur. Any factor that causes a greater likelihood of loss should theoretically be charged a higher rate. This basic principle of insurance must be followed if insurance companies are to remain solvent.[citation needed] Thus, "discrimination" against (i.e., negative
    differential treatment of) potential insureds in the risk evaluation and premium-setting process is a necessary by-product of the fundamentals of insurance underwriting. For instance, insurers charge older people significantly higher premiums than they charge younger people for term life insurance. Older people are thus treated differently than younger people (i.e., a distinction is made, discrimination occurs)

    Types of Insurance, Home Insurance

     Redlining
    Redlining is the practice of denying insurance coverage in specific geographic areas, supposedly because of a high likelihood of loss, while the alleged motivation is unlawful discrimination. Racial profiling or redlining has a long history in the property insurance industry in the United States. From a review of industry underwriting and marketing materials, court documents, and research by government agencies, industry and community groups, and academics, it is clear that race has long affected and continues to affect the policies and practices of the insurance industry

    History of Insurance,Life Insurance

    Many institutional insurance purchasers buy insurance through an insurance broker. While on the surface it appears the broker represents the buyer (not the insurance company), and typically counsels the buyer on appropriate coverage and policy limitations, it should be noted that in the vast majority of cases a broker's compensation comes in the form of a commission as a percentage of the insurance premium, creating a conflict of interest in that the broker's financial interest is tilted towards encouraging an insured to purchase more insurance than might be necessary at a higher price.

    Types of Insurance, Home Insurance


    Controversies

     Insurance insulates too much

    By creating a "security blanket" for its insureds, an insurance company may inadvertently find that its insureds may not be as risk-averse as they might otherwise be (since, by definition, the insured has transferred the risk to the insurer), a concept known as moral hazard. To reduce their own financial exposure, insurance companies have contractual clauses that mitigate their obligation to provide coverage if the insured engages in behavior that grossly magnifies their risk of loss or liability

    Types of Insurance, Home Insurance


    Global insurance premiums grew by 3.4% in 2008 to reach $4.3 trillion. For the first time in the past three decades, premium income declined in inflation-adjusted terms, with non-life premiums falling by 0.8% and life premiums falling by 3.5%. The insurance industry is exposed to the global economic downturn on the assets side by the decline in returns on investments and on the liabilities side by a rise in claims.

    History of Insurance,Life Insurance


    Other possible forms for an insurance company include reciprocals, in which policyholders reciprocate in sharing risks, and Lloyd's organizations.
    Insurance companies are rated by various agencies such as A. M. Best. The ratings include the company's financial strength, which measures its ability to pay claims. It also rates financial instruments issued by the insurance company, such as bonds, notes, and securitization products.
    Reinsurance companies are insurance companies that sell policies to other insurance companies, allowing them to reduce their risks and protect themselves from very large losses. The reinsurance market is dominated by a few very large companies, with huge reserves. A reinsurer may also be a direct writer of insurance risks as well.
    Captive insurance companies may be defined as limited-purpose insurance companies established with the specific objective of financing risks emanating from their parent group or groups. This definition can sometimes be extended to include some of the risks of the parent company's customers. In short, it is an in-house self-insurance vehicle. Captives may take the form of a "pure" entity (which is a 100% subsidiary of the self-insured parent company); of a "mutual" captive (which insures the collective risks of members of an industry); and of an "association" captive (which self-insures individual risks of the members of a professional, commercial or industrial association). Captives represent commercial, economic and tax advantages to their sponsors because of the reductions in costs they help create and for the ease of insurance risk management and the flexibility for cash flows they generate. Additionally, they may provide coverage of risks which is neither available nor offered in the traditional insurance market at reasonable prices.

    History of Insurance,Life Insurance


    Insurance companies

    Insurance companies may be classified into two groups:
    • Life insurance companies, which sell life insurance, annuities and pensions products.
    • Non-life, general, or property/casualty insurance companies, which sell other types of insurance.
    General insurance companies can be further divided into these sub categories.
    • Standard lines
    • Excess lines
    In most countries, life and non-life insurers are subject to different regulatory regimes and different tax and accounting rules. The main reason for the distinction between the two types of company is that life, annuity, and pension business is very long-term in nature — coverage for life assurance or a pension can cover risks over many decades. By contrast, non-life insurance cover usually covers a shorter period, such as one year.
    In the United States, standard line insurance companies are "mainstream" insurers.

    Types of Insurance, Home Insurance


     

    • Fraternal insurance is provided on a cooperative basis by fraternal benefit societies or other social organizations.[23]
    • No-fault insurance is a type of insurance policy (typically automobile insurance) where insureds are indemnified by their own insurer regardless of fault in the incident.
    • Protected self-insurance is an alternative risk financing mechanism in which an organization retains the mathematically calculated cost of risk within the organization and transfers the catastrophic risk with specific and aggregate limits to an insurer so the maximum total cost of the program is known. A properly designed and underwritten Protected Self-Insurance Program reduces and stabilizes the cost of insurance and provides valuable risk management information.
    • Retrospectively-rated insurance is a method of establishing a premium on large commercial accounts. The final premium is based on the insured's actual loss experience during the policy term, sometimes subject to a minimum and maximum premium, with the final premium determined by a formula. Under this plan, the current year's premium is based partially (or wholly) on the current year's losses, although the premium adjustments may take months or years beyond the current year's expiration date. The rating formula is guaranteed in the insurance contract. Formula: retrospective premium = converted loss + basic premium × tax multiplier. Numerous variations of this formula have been developed and are in use.
    • Formal self insurance is the deliberate decision to pay for otherwise insurable losses out of one's own money. This can be done on a formal basis by establishing a separate fund into which funds are deposited on a periodic basis, or by simply forgoing the purchase of available insurance and paying out-of-pocket. Self insurance is usually used to pay for high-frequency, low-severity losses.

    Types of Insurance, Home Insurance


    • Legal expenses insurance covers policyholders for the potential costs of legal action against an institution or an individual. When something happens which triggers the need for legal action, it is known as "the event". There are two main types of legal expenses insurance: before the event insurance and after the event insurance.
    • Locked funds insurance is a little-known hybrid insurance policy jointly issued by governments and banks. It is used to protect public funds from tamper by unauthorized parties. In special cases, a government may authorize its use in protecting semi-private funds which are liable to tamper. The terms of this type of insurance are usually very strict. Therefore it is used only in extreme cases where maximum security of funds is required.
    • Livestock insurance is a specialist policy provided to, for example, commercial or hobby farms, aquariums, fish farms or any other animal holding. Cover is available for mortality or economic slaughter as a result of accident, illness or disease but can extend to include destruction by government order.
    Media insurances can protect newspapers against libel claims
    • Media liability insurance is designed to cover professionals that engage in film and television production and print, against risks such as defamation.
    • Nuclear incident insurance covers damages resulting from an incident involving radioactive materials and is generally arranged at the national level. (See the nuclear exclusion clause and for the U.S. the Price-Anderson Nuclear Industries Indemnity Act.)
    • Pet insurance insures pets against accidents and illnesses; some companies cover routine/wellness care and burial, as well.
    • Pollution insurance usually takes the form of first-party coverage for contamination of insured property either by external or on-site sources. Coverage is also afforded for liability to third parties arising from contamination of air, water, or land due to the sudden and accidental release of hazardous materials from the insured site.

    Types of Insurance, Home Insurance


    Main article: Credit insurance
    Credit insurance repays some or all of a loan when certain circumstances arise to the borrower such as unemployment, disability, or death.
    • Mortgage insurance insures the lender against default by the borrower. Mortgage insurance is a form of credit insurance, although the name "credit insurance" more often is used to refer to policies that cover other kinds of debt.
    • Many credit cards offer payment protection plans which are a form of credit insurance.

    Other types

    • All-risk insurance is an insurance that covers a wide-range of incidents and perils, except those noted in the policy. All-risk insurance is different from peril-specific insurance that cover losses from only those perils listed in the policy.[22] In car insurance, all-risk policy includes also the damages caused by the own driver.

    High-value horses may be insured under a bloodstock policy
    • Bloodstock insurance covers individual horses or a number of horses under common ownership. Coverage is typically for mortality as a result of accident, illness or disease but may extend to include infertility, in-transit loss, veterinary fees, and prospective foal.
    • Business interruption insurance covers the loss of income, and the expenses incurred, after a covered peril interrupts normal business operations.
    • Collateral protection insurance (CPI) insures property (primarily vehicles) held as collateral for loans made by lending institutions.
    • Defense Base Act (DBA) insurance provides coverage for civilian workers hired by the government to perform contracts outside the U.S. and Canada. DBA is required for all U.S. citizens, U.S. residents, U.S. Green Card holders, and all employees or subcontractors hired on overseas government contracts. Depending on the country, foreign nationals must also be covered under DBA. This coverage typically includes expenses related to medical treatment and loss of wages, as well as disability and death benefits.

    History of Insurance,Life Insurance

    Main article: Liability insurance
    Liability insurance is a very broad superset that covers legal claims against the insured. Many types of insurance include an aspect of liability coverage. For example, a homeowner's insurance policy will normally include liability coverage which protects the insured in the event of a claim brought by someone who slips and falls on the property; automobile insurance also includes an aspect of liability insurance that indemnifies against the harm that a crashing car can cause to others' lives, health, or property.

    Flood Insurance, Marni Insurance


    • Flood insurance protects against property loss due to flooding. Many insurers in the U.S. do not provide flood insurance in some parts of the country. In response to this, the federal government created the National Flood Insurance Program which serves as the insurer of last resort.
    • Home insurance, also commonly called hazard insurance, or homeowners insurance (often abbreviated in the real estate industry as HOI), is the type of property insurance that covers private homes, as outlined above

    General Insurance, US Insurance Quotes

    US Insurance Companies, Any risk that can be quantified can potentially be insured. Specific kinds of risk that may give rise to claims are known as perils. An insurance policy will set out in detail which perils are covered by the policy and which are not. 

    Flood Insurance, Marine Insurance


    • Flood insurance protects against property loss due to flooding. Many insurers in the U.S. do not provide flood insurance in some parts of the country. In response to this, the federal government created the National Flood Insurance Program which serves as the insurer of last resort.
    • Home insurance, also commonly called hazard insurance, or homeowners insurance (often abbreviated in the real estate industry as HOI), is the type of property insurance that covers private homes, as outlined above.

    Property Insurance,Type of Insurance


    This tornado damage to an Illinois home would be considered an "Act of God" for insurance purposes
    Property insurance provides protection against risks to property, such as fire, theft or weather damage. This may include specialized forms of insurance such as fire insurance, flood insurance, earthquake insurance, home insurance, inland marine insurance or boiler insurance. The term property insurance may, like casualty insurance, be used as a broad category of various subtypes of insurance, some of which are listed below

    Casualty Insurance, Life Insurance


    Casualty insurance insures against accidents, not necessarily tied to any specific property. It is a broad spectrum of insurance that a number of other types of insurance could be classified, such as auto, workers compensation, and some liability insurances.
    • Crime insurance is a form of casualty insurance that covers the policyholder against losses arising from the criminal acts of third parties. For example, a company can obtain crime insurance to cover losses arising from theft or embezzlement

    Home Insurance, Health Insurance


    A home is destroyed by fire in Essex, England
    Main article: Home insurance
    Home insurance provides coverage for damage or destruction of the policyholder's home. In some geographical areas, the policy may exclude certain types of risks, such as flood or earthquake, that require additional coverage. Maintenance-related issues are typically the homeowner's responsibility. The policy may include inventory, or this can be bought as a separate policy, especially for people who rent housing. In some countries, insurers offer a package which may  include liability and legal responsibility for injuries and property damage caused by members of the household, including pets

    Types of Insurance, Home Insurance


    Any risk that can be quantified can potentially be insured. Specific kinds of risk that may give rise to claims are known as perils. An insurance policy will set out in detail which perils are covered by the policy and which are not. Below are non-exhaustive lists of the many different types of insurance that exist. A single policy may cover risks in one or more of the categories set out below. For example, vehicle insurance would typically cover both the property risk (theft or damage to the vehicle) and the liability risk (legal claims arising from an accident)

    History of Insurance,Life Insurance


    Today, Lloyd's of London remains the leading market (note that it is an insurance market rather than a company) for marine and other specialist types of insurance, but it operates rather differently than the more familiar kinds of insurance. Insurance as we know it today can be traced to the Great Fire of London, which in 1666 devoured more than 13,000 houses. The devastating effects of the fire converted the development of insurance "from a matter of convenience into one of urgency, a change of opinion reflected in Sir Christopher Wren's inclusion of a site for 'the Insurance Office' in his new plan for London in 1667.

    History of Insurance,Life Insurance


    The purpose of registering was that whenever the person who presented the gift registered by the court was in trouble, the monarch and the court would help him. Jahez, a historian and writer, writes in one of his books on ancient Iran: "[W]henever the owner of the present is in trouble or wants to construct a building, set up a feast, have his children married, etc. the one in charge of this in the court would check the registration. If the registered amount exceeded 10,000 Derrik, he or she would receive an amount of twice as much."

    lHistory of Insurance, Life Insurance


    In some sense we can say that insurance appears simultaneously with the appearance of human society. We know of two types of economies in human societies: natural or non-monetary economies (using barter and trade with no centralized nor standardized set of financial instruments) and more modern monetary economies (with markets, currency, financial instruments and so on). The former is more primitive and the insurance in such economies entails agreements of mutual aid.

    Tuesday 8 March 2011

    History of Insurance, General Insurance Quotes

    General Insurance, The purpose of registering was that whenever the person who presented the gift registered by the court was in trouble, the monarch and the court would help him. Jahez, a historian and writer, writes in one of his books on ancient Iran

    "Whenever the owner of the present is in trouble or wants to construct a building, set up a feast, have his children married, etc. the one in charge of this in the court would check the registration. If the registered amount exceeded 10,000 Derrik, he or she would receive an amount of twice as much."

    A thousand years later, the inhabitants of Rhodes invented the concept of the general average. Merchants whose goods were being shipped together would pay a proportionally divided premium which would be used to reimburse any merchant whose goods were deliberately jettisoned in order to lighten the ship and save it from total loss.

    The Talmud deals with several aspects of insuring goods. Before insurance was established in the late 17th century, "friendly societies" existed in England, in which people donated amounts of money to a general sum that could be used for emergencies.

    Separate insurance contracts (i.e., insurance policies not bundled with loans or other kinds of contracts) were invented in Genoa in the 14th century, as were insurance pools backed by pledges of landed estates. These new insurance contracts allowed insurance to be separated from investment, a separation of roles that first proved useful in marine insurance. Insurance became far more sophisticated in post-Renaissance Europe, and specialized varieties developed.

    History of Insurance,Life Insurance


    In some sense we can say that insurance appears simultaneously with the appearance of human society. We know of two types of economies in human societies: natural or non-monetary economies (using barter and trade with no centralized nor standardized set of financial instruments) and more modern monetary economies (with markets, currency, financial instruments and so on). The former is more primitive and the insurance in such economies entails agreements of mutual aid. If one family's house is destroyed the neighbours are committed to help rebuild.

    Life Insurance, Procedure of Life Insurance

    Insurance company Claims and loss handling is the materialized utility of insurance; it is the actual "product" paid for. Claims may be filed by insureds directly with the insurer or through brokers or agents. The insurer may require that the claim be filed on its own proprietary forms, or may accept Insurance claims on a standard industry form, such as those produced by ACORD.

    Insurance company claims departments employ a large number of claims adjusters supported by a staff of records management and data entry clerks. Incoming claims are classified based on severity and are assigned to adjusters whose settlement authority varies with their knowledge and experience. The adjuster undertakes an investigation of each claim, usually in close cooperation with the insured, determines if coverage is available under the terms of the insurance contract, and if so, the reasonable monetary value of the claim, and authorizes payment.

    The policyholder may hire their own public adjuster to negotiate the settlement with the insurance company on their behalf. For policies that are complicated, where claims may be complex, the insured may take out a separate insurance policy add on, called loss recovery insurance, which covers the cost of a public adjuster in the case of a claim.

    Adjusting liability insurance claims is particularly difficult because there is a third party involved, the plaintiff, who is under no contractual obligation to cooperate with the insurer and may in fact regard the insurer as a deep pocket. The adjuster must obtain legal counsel for the insured (either inside "house" counsel or outside "panel" counsel), monitor litigation that may take years to complete, and appear in person or over the telephone with settlement authority at a mandatory settlement conference when requested by the judge.

    If a claims adjuster suspects underinsurance, the condition of average may come into play to limit the insurance company's exposure.
    In managing the claims handling function, insurers seek to balance the elements of customer satisfaction, administrative handling expenses, and claims overpayment leakages. As part of this balancing act, fraudulent insurance practices are a major business risk that must be managed and overcome. Disputes between insurers and insureds over the validity of claims or claims handling practices occasionally escalate into litigation.

    Life Insurance, Car Insurance


    The most complicated aspect of the insurance business is the actuarial science of ratemaking (price-setting) of policies, which uses statistics and probability to approximate the rate of future claims based on a given risk. After producing rates, the insurer will use discretion to reject or accept risks through the underwriting process.
    At the most basic level, initial ratemaking involves looking at the frequency and severity of insured perils and the expected average payout resulting from these perils. Thereafter an insurance company will collect historical loss data, bring the loss data to present value, and comparing these prior losses to the premium collected in order to assess rate adequacy.Loss ratios and expense loads are also used. Rating for different risk characteristics involves at the most basic level comparing the losses with "loss relativities" - a policy with twice as money policies would therefore be charged twice as much. However, more complex multivariate analyses through generalized linear modeling are sometimes used when multiple characteristics are involved and a univariate analysis could produce confounded results. Other statistical methods may be used in assessing the probability of future losses.
    Upon termination of a given policy, the amount of premium collected and the investment gains thereon, minus the amount paid out in claims, is the insurer's underwriting profit on that policy. An insurer's underwriting performance is measured in its combined ratio which is the ratio of losses and expenses to earned premiums. A combined ratio of less than 100 percent indicates underwriting profitability, while anything over 100 indicates an underwriting loss. A company with a combined ratio over 100% may nevertheless remain profitable due to investment earnings.
    Insurance companies earn investment profits on "float". Float, or available reserve, is the amount of money on hand at any given moment that an insurer has collected in insurance premiums but has not paid out in claims. Insurers start investing insurance premiums as soon as they are collected and continue to earn interest or other income on them until claims are paid out. The Association of British Insurers (gathering 400 insurance companies and 94% of UK insurance services) has almost 20% of the investments in the London Stock Exchange.